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''Rebel Heart'' is the thirteenth studio album by American singer and songwriter Madonna. It was released on March 6, 2015, by Interscope Records. Following the completion of the ''MDNA'' era, Madonna worked on the album throughout 2014, co-writing and co-producing it with various musicians, including Diplo, Avicii, and Kanye West. She teased by uploading pictures of her recording sessions on her Instagram account. Working with a number of collaborators posed problem for Madonna in keeping a cohesive sound and direction for ''Rebel Heart'', unlike her previous efforts where only a few people were involved. Thematically ''Rebel Heart'' represents the two different sides of the singer, her romantic and her rebellious side. The themes grew organically during the writing and recording sessions. Musically, it is a pop record which merges an array of genres such as 1990s house, trap and reggae, as well as the usage of acoustic guitars and gospel choir. Some of the songs are autobiographical in nature while others talk about love and introspection of Madonna's career. ''Rebel Heart'' features guest appearances from boxer Mike Tyson and rappers Nicki Minaj, Nas, and Chance the Rapper. The record had been set for a March 2015 release, with the first single to be released on Valentine's Day. But after a flurry of unexpected album content leaks, Madonna released the album for pre-order on iTunes Store on December 20, 2014, with six songs being available for download. Police investigation led to an Israeli man being arrested, who was charged for hacking into Madonna's computer and the leaks. The cover art for the deluxe edition of the album became popular, leading to numerous memes being created on Instagram, Tumblr, and Twitter. To promote the album, Madonna made several television appearances and performances, including the 57th Annual Grammy Awards and the 2015 Brit Awards. Further promotion happened from the Rebel Heart Tour, which started from September 2015 and continue till March 2016 through North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania. "Living for Love", "Ghosttown" and "Bitch I'm Madonna" were released as singles from the album. ''Rebel Heart'' received predominantly positive reviews from music critics; multiple reviewers called it her best effort in a decade. They found that unlike her previous two studio efforts, ''Hard Candy'' (2008) and ''MDNA'' (2012), the album was progressive in its sound. It debuted at number two on the ''Billboard'' 200 chart in the United States and the UK Albums Chart. ''Rebel Heart'' also peaked at number one in various countries across the world, including major music markets such as Australia, Canada, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Switzerland, while reaching the top ten of the charts in France, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, and Sweden. ==Background and development== Following the release of her twelfth studio album, ''MDNA'' (2012), Madonna embarked on The MDNA Tour to promote it. The tour courted many controversial subjects such as violence, firearms, human rights, nudity and politics. Lawsuits were created against Madonna from the concerts. She was enraged by many of these incidents, which she claimed was "injustice" against human beings. In September 2013, she released ''secretprojectrevolution'', a short film directed by her and Steven Klein, dealing with artistic freedom and human rights. The film also launched a global initiative called Art for Freedom to promote freedom of expression. She clarified on ''L'Uomo Vogue'' that her next album would be connected with Art for Freedom, saying that she "had" to be committed to the initiative and use her voice as an artist. By December 2013, Madonna's manager Guy Oseary commented that the singer was "eager to get started" on her next album.〔 However, she had another project in mind, developing the screenplay for the Andrew Sean Greer novel, ''The Impossible Lives of Greta Wells''. Madonna decided to split her time between writing the screenplay and writing songs for the new album. In February 2014, Madonna confirmed that she had already begun working on her thirteenth studio album, saying "I'm right now in the process of talking to various co-writers and producers and talking about where I want to go with my music". Working with a number of collaborators on the album, Madonna faced problem in keeping a cohesive sound and direction for ''Rebel Heart'', since her previous efforts have been with only a core group of people developing the music. She observed that a lot of the people she enlisted would not stay in one city at a time due to their different projects, resulting in Madonna not finishing her songs. "So, I was just the person standing there with a clipboard in the headlights, going 'Ok!' A little bit like a school teacher," she admitted.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rebel Heart (Madonna album)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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